Halifan Juwadi, Farmer IPM Trainer   Juwadi, originally from East Java, is a 49-year-old farmer who is married and has five children.  Two of his children are in highschool.  Known for his energy and motivation, these were two of the reasons that he was selected for training as a Farmer IPM Trainer in 1996-1997.  Another reason was his desire to learn, having conducted field studies in his own fields on liquid fertilizer and composted fertilisers.  His goal is that all farmers in his village will eventually be applying IPM principles and that the fields of the village will be free of poison.   “My experience is that the use or non-use of pesticides does not have an impact on yield.  But by using pesticides we increase our costs and cause damage to the environment.” Juwadi has conducted five Field Schools since he was trained as a Farmer IPM Trainer.  He has helped 40 other farmers in his irrigation group to lower their pesticide use.  They are trying to do what he does so that they can apply IPM in their fields.  “We must establish examples of good farming for them.  We must continue to apply IPM in our fields so that when we talk to someone else about IPM we can give them examples from our fields.” Besides conducting Field Schools, Juwadi has played a prominent role in several other IPM activities.  He was one of the trainers for the 1997 Farmer IPM Trainers TOT and has been part of the organising committees for the Farmers Planning and Technical Meetings. Juwadi along with the other Farmer IPM Trainers in the sub-district have organised a Farmer IPM Trainers group known as Kemonggo Seto.  “Kemonggo Seto” is the white spider that protects rice plants.  Juwadi has been named the head of this organisation that holds monthly meetings for alumni.  In 1996 and 1997 the group organised carnivals on Independence day to promote IPM in Daya Murni.  The group has formulated plans to hold its own forums for the exchange of information resulting from field studies. Juwadi has also been among the founders of the Margo Rukun Farmer IPM Trainers Association for Tulang Bawang District.  The goal of this association is to establish a network among Farmer IPM Trainers throughout the district that would support the conduct of field studies and Field Schools and the creation of a farmers media program such as local newspapers.

Ngarianto:  The Motor Behind the IPM Movement in Margomulyo   Margomulyo Village has been the site of IPM field activities since 1995-1996 when the first rice IPM Field School was conducted there.  Ngarianto, known as Ngari, attended that Field School.  Since then there have been nine more Field Schools conducted in the village and Ngari conducted one of those. Margomulyo has 2,165 hectares of irrigated ricefields and 1,793 hectares of dryland used for vegetable crops.  There are 18 Farmers Groups in the village with a total membership of 1,350.  Ten of the 18 Farmers Groups have had members participate in Field Schools.  Thus of the 1,350 farmers in the village,  250 are IPM alumni.  Besides Ngari there are three other Farmer IPM Trainers in the village. Ngari was born in Jember District of East Java in 1955.  He moved to Lampung in 1980 with little more than the bare necessities and a desire to be a good farmer.  He now owns 0.5 hectares of irrigated ricefields and rents in another  1.25 hectares.  After completing his Field School during the rainy season of 1995-1996 he was selected and trained as a Farmer IPM Trainer in August of 1996.  He has conducted two other Field Schools in other villages besides the one he conducted in Margomulyo.  Organising Activities Ngari worked with other Farmer IPM Trainers in the sub-district to establish the Farmer IPM Trainers group known as Kemonggo Seto.  An offshoot of the sub-district group is the IPM Alumni Association of Margomulyo chaired by Ngari.  Ngari and the other Farmer IPM Trainers in Margomulyo organised this group after participating in the district and sub-district level Farmer IPM Trainers associations where plans were made to create village level alumni associations. The IPM Alumni Association of Margomulyo has been very active.  The following are some of the activities that it has planned and is presently implementing. Established a loan fund for IPM alumni.  Members of the association pay membership fees and monthly dues.  This money is then available for borrowing at below market rates by IPM alumni. Created a field observation team for the hamparan in the village. (A hamparan is an area of contiguous ricefields, in Margomulyo this area is over 2000 hectares.)  This 10 farmer team of IPM alumni conducts field observations in the blocks of the hamparan to identify problems.  Another of their tasks is to train other farmers in IPM and to conduct field observations. Used traditional arts to promote IPM to other farmers.  As part of the Independence Day celebration of August 17, 1997, IPM alumni organised the presentation of a traditional drama and a traditional comedy show both of that carried strong IPM themes.  “We have also worked with a puppet master to infuse a Javanese puppet show with IPM.  Via media we can reach many farmers at once providing them with both entertainment and new knowledge.  We use the arts to stir the interest of non-IPM trained farmers to want to know more about IPM” The organisation of a pesticide-free rice project.  Beginning in September of 1997 the alumni group of Margomulyo, led by Ngari, began a project to eliminate pesticide use in the village hamparan.  Their goal is to produce and sell pesticide-free rice. Field Studies Ngari has been interested in applying IPM principles in vegetable crops.  He has conducted several field studies in such crops as sawi (a leafy green vegetable) and tomatoes.  His idea was to develop non-toxic organic based mixtures that would repel specific pest problems. He decided to try a mixture made from the leaves of several different types of plants using a recipe he had learned in East Java.   The concoction worked. He presented the results of his study at the Farmers Technical Meeting in August of 1997.  Other farmers tried the mixture and now many farmers in the sub-district are using it.